Metadata-Version: 2.4
Name: xlwings_utils
Version: 25.0.6.post2
Summary: xlwings_utils
Author-email: Ruud van der Ham <rt.van.der.ham@gmail.com>
Project-URL: Homepage, https://github.com/salabim/xlwings_utils
Project-URL: Repository, https://github.com/salabim/xlwings_utils
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
Requires-Python: >=3.9
Description-Content-Type: text/markdown
Requires-Dist: dropbox

 <img src="https://www.salabim.org/xlwings_utils_logo2.png">  

## Introduction

This module provides some useful functions to be used in xlwings (lite).

## Installation

Just add `xlwings-utils` and `ssl` (even if `dropbox` is not used) to the *requirements.txt* tab. 

In the script, add

```ìmport xlwings_utils as xwu```

For *regular* installations, use

```pip install xlwings_utils```

> [!NOTE]
>
> The GitHub repository can be found on https://github.com/salabim/xlwings_utils .

General

It is recommended to put

```
import xlwings_utils as xwu
```

at the top of a xlwings lite script.

If an application runs under xlwings, `xwu.xlwings` will be True. False, if not.

## Dropbox support

The xlwings lite system does not provide access to the local file system. With this module, files can be copied between Dropbox and the local pyodide file system, making it possible to indirectly use the local file system.

Currently, it is only possible to use full-access Dropbox apps.

The easiest way to use the Dropbox functionality is to add the credentials to the environment variables. Add REFRESH_TOKEN, APP_KEY and APP_SECRET with their corresponding values to the environment variables. Instructions on how to get these variables can be found here.

In order to make a Dropbox app, and get the required environment variables, just execute this line from the command line (shell).

```
python -c "exec(__import__('requests').get('https://salabim.org/dropbox setup.py').text)"
```

Then, it is possible to list all files in a specified folder using the list_dropbox function.
It is also possible to get the folders and to access all underlying folders.

The `read_dropbox` function can be used to read the contents (bytes) of a Dropbox file. As reading from Dropbox under pyodide is rather unreliable, xlwings_utils automatically retries several times (by default 100 times). The actual number of retries can be found with `read_dropbox.retries`.

The function `write_dropbox` can be used to write contents (bytes) to a Dropbox file.

The functions `list_local`, `read_local` and `write_local` offer similar functionality for the local file system (on pyodide).

So, a way to access a file on the system's drive (mapped to Dropbox) as a local file is:

```
contents = xwu.read_dropbox('/downloads/file1.xls')
xwu.write_local('file1.xlsx')
df = pandas.read_excel"file1.xlsx")
...
```
And the other direction:
```
contents = xwu.read_local('file1.gif')
xwu.write_dropbox('/downloads/file1.gif')
```

## Block support

The module contains a useful 2-dimensional data structure: *block*.
This can be useful for manipulating a range without accessing it directly, which is expensive in terms of memory and execution time.
The advantage over an ordinary list of lists is that a block is index one-based, in line with range and addressing is done with a row, column tuple.
So, `my_block(lol)[row, col]` is roughly equivalent to `lol[row-1][col-1]`

A block stores the values internally as a dictionary and will only convert these to a list of lists when using `block.value` or `block.value_keep`. 

Converting the value of a range (usually a list of lists, but can also be a list or scalar) to a block can be done with

```
my_block = xwu.block.from_value(range.value)
```
The dimensions (number of rows and number of columns) are automatically set.

Setting of an individual item (one-based, like range) can be done like
```
my_block[row, column] = x
```
And, likewise, reading an individual item can be done like
```
x = my_block[row, column]
```
It is not allowed to read or write outside the block dimensions.

It is also possible to define an empty block, like
```
block = xwu.block(number_of_rows, number_columns)
```
The dimensions can be queried or redefined with `block.number_of_rows` and 
`block.number_of_columns`.

To assign a block to range, use
```
range.value = block.value
```

The property `block.highest_used_row_number` returns the row number of the highest non-None cell.

The property `block.highest_used_column_number` returns the column_number of the highest non-None cell.

The method `block.minimized()` returns a block that has the dimensions of (highest_used_row_number, highest_used_column_number). 

Particularly if we process an unknown number of lines, we can do something like:

```
this_block = xwu.block(number_of_rows=10000, number_of_columns=2)
for row in range(1, 10001):
	this_block[row,1]= ...
	this_block[row,2]= ...
	if ...: # end condition
	    break
sheet.range((10,1)).value = this_block.minimized().value
```

In this case, only the really processed rows are copied to the sheet.

###  Looking up in a block

With blocks, it is easy to use a sheet as an input for a project / scenario.

Something like
 <img src="https://www.salabim.org/xlwings_utils/fig01.png">  

Of course, we could access the various input fields with absolute ranges, but if something changes later (such as adding a row), all references would need to be updated.

If we read the project sheet (partly) into a block, lookup methods are available to access *fields* easily and future-proof:

```
bl = xwu.block.from_value(sheet.range((0,0),(100,10)).value)
```

Let's see how this works with the above sheet. The corresponding block (bl) looks like

```
  |   1                2                3                4                5
--+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------     
1 |   Project          Factory1
2 |   Start date       2025-05-17
3 |   End date         2026-02-01
4 | 
5 |   Parts            Width            Length           Height           Weight
6 |   A                10               5                5                100
7 |   B                11               5                8                102
8 |   C                12               2                3                91     
9 | 
```
Now we can do
```project  = bl.lookup("Project")
project = bl.lookup("Project")
start_date = bl.lookup("Start date")
end_date = bl.lookup("End date")
row1 = bl.lookup_row("Parts")
parts=[]
for row2 in range(row1 + 1, bl.highest_used_row_number + 1):
    if not (part_name := bl.hlookup("Part",row1=row1, row2=row2)):
        # stop when a 'blank' part_name is found
        break
    width = bl.hlookup("Width",row1=row1, row2=row2)
    length = bl.hlookup("Length",row1=row1, row2=row2)  
    height = bl.hlookup("HeightL",row1=row1, row2=row2)  
    weight = bl.hlookup("Weight",row1=row1, row2=row2)         
    parts.append(Part(part_name, width, length, height, weight))
```
First, we perform a couple of vertical lookups to scan column 1 for the given labels and return the corresponding values from column 2.

Then, there's `lookup_row`, which also scans column1 for the given label (Parts), but returns the corresponding row (5). It is then stored in row1.
We then read the following rows (using hlookups) and access the required values.

### Filling a block from other sources

The advantage of using a block instead of accessing these sources is that they are one-based, just like in Excel.

It is possible to make a block from an xlrd worksheet with `block.from_xlrd_sheet`. 

It is possible to create a block from a Pandas DataFrame using `block.from_dataframe`. Ensure that, if the dataframe is created by reading from an Excel sheet, headers=None is specified, e.g., `df = pd.read_excel(filename, header=None)`.

It is possible to make a block from an openpyxl worksheet with `block.from_openpyxl_sheet`. 

It is possible to make a block from a text file with `block.from_file`. 

### Writing a block to an openpyxl sheet

In order to write (append) to an openpyxl sheet, use: block.to_openpyxl_sheet.

## Capture stdout support

The module has support for capturing stdout and -later- using showing the captured output on a sheet.

This is rather important as printing in xlwings lite to the UI pane is rather slow.

In order to capture stdout output, it is required to first issue

```caoture
capture = xwu.Capture()
```

By this, capture is automatically enabled and print is disabled. Alternatively, it is possible to use

```
capture = xwu.Capture(enabled=False)
```

to disable the capture. And with

```
capture = xwu.Capture(include_print=True)
```

the stdout output is captured and printed.

Capturing can be enabled and disabled at any time with `capture.enabled = True` and `capture.enabled = False`.

And include print, likewise, with `capture.include_print`.

Alternatively, a context manager is provided:


```
with capture:
    """
    code with print statements
    """
```
Note that stopping the capture, leaves the captured output in place, so it can be extended later.

In either case, the captured output can then be copied to a sheet, like

```
sheet.range(4,5).value = capture.value
```
Upon reading the value, the capture buffer will be emptied.

If you don't want the buffer to be emptied after accessing the value, use `capture.value_keep`.

The capture buffer can also be retrieved as a string with `capture.str` and `capture.str_keep`.

Clearing the captured stdout buffer can be done at any time with `capture.clear()`.

## Functionality for accessing local files via VBA

Currently, *xlwings Lite* does not provide access to the local file system. Therefore, xlwings_utils offers some functionality to trigger a VBA script as well as functionality to encode a file in the pyodide file system to a VBA sheet and to trigger writing the encoded file(s) to the local file system.

Files can be encoded into a block, like:

```
    bl = xwu.block.encode_file("film1.mp4")
    book.sheets["VBA"].range((10,1)).value=bl.value
```

With this code, column A will be filled with an encoded copy of the files *film1.mp4* . This can then be used with a suitable VBA macro to decode to the real file system. A VBA macro can be triggered with `xwu.trigger_macro()`. This requires an Excel worksheet where cell A1 is reserved for communication with xlwings lite. This worksheet needs to contain a macro, like

```
Private Sub Worksheet_Calculate()
    If Me.Range("A1").Formula = "=NOW()" Then
        Me.Range("A1").Value = Null
        Call MacroToExecute
    End If
End Sub
```

, where `MacroToExecute` should contain the user code, most likely code to decode file(s) encoded.

The repo contains a VBA module called xlwings_utils.bas with code to decode encoded files.
Just add the .bas file to a worksheet and call like

```
Sub MacroToExecute()
    DecodeFile(Me, 10, 1)
```
    
In this example, the file *film1.mp4* will be downloaded into the current directory.

The module xlwings_utils also contains code to encode a local file to a sheet:

```
Sub MacroToExecute()
    EncodeFile(Me, "data.json", 10, 1)
```

This will place an encoded version of *data.json* on the sheet.

Then, the file can be copied to the pyodide file system with

```
bl = block(xw.range((10,1),(50000,1)).decode_to_files())
```
```

```

## Contact info

You can contact Ruud van der Ham, the core developer, at ruud@salabim.org.

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