Graph Edge Types |
Edge Types | Present Relationships | Absent Relationships |
---|---|---|
A --> B |
A is a cause of B. It may be a direct or indirect cause that may include other measured variables. Also, there may be an unmeasured confounder of A and B. |
B is not a cause of A |
A <-> B | There is an unmeasured confounder (call it L) of A and B. There may be measured variables along the causal pathway from L to A or from L to B. |
A is not a cause of B. B is not a cause of A. |
A o-> B | Either A is a cause of B (i.e, A --> B) or there is an unmeasured confounder of A and B (i.e, A <-> B) or both. | B is not a cause of A. |
A o-o B |
Exactly one of the following holds:
|
|
If an edge is solid, that means there is no latent confounder (i.e., is visible). If dashed, there is possibly latent confounder. | ||
If an edge is thickened that means it is definitely direct. Otherwise, it is possibly direct. |